Drs. Ngamcherdtrakul and Yantasee recently published a review article “siRNA therapeutics for breast cancer: recent efforts in targeting metastasis, drug resistance, and immune evasion” in Translational Research.
In this Review, we describe recent efforts in developing siRNA therapeutics for the treatment of cancer, with particular emphasis on breast cancer. Instead of conventionally targeting proliferation and apoptosis aspects of tumorigenesis, we focus on recent attempts in targeting cancer’s metastasis, drug resistance, and immune evasion, which are considered more challenging and less manageable in clinics with current therapeutic molecules. siRNA can target all proteins, including traditionally undruggable proteins, and is thus poised to address these clinical challenges. Evidence also suggests that siRNA can be superior to antibodies or small molecule inhibitors when inhibiting the same druggable pathway. In addition to cancer cells, the role of the tumor microenvironment has been increasingly appreciated. Components in the tumor microenvironment, particularly immune cells, and thus siRNA-based immunotherapy, are under extensive investigation. Lastly, multiple siRNAs with or without additional drugs can be codelivered on the same nanoparticle to the same target site of action, maximizing their potential synergy while limiting off-target toxicity.